Top Mining Companies in India: an overview
Coal accounts for the largest share of mining activity in India. State-owned Coal India Limited, which came into existence in November 1975 and is based in Kolkata, reported output of about 768 million tonnes in FY 2025-26 from 295 operating mines spread over eight states, equal to roughly three-quarters of domestic coal production. Other state-owned producers include Singareni Collieries in Telangana, incorporated in 1920, and NLC India, which works lignite mines at Neyveli and Barsingsar and coal blocks in Odisha and Jharkhand.
Metallic ores are mined by a mix of central, state and private operators. NMDC, a Navratna company under the Ministry of Steel with its registered office in Hyderabad, produces iron ore at Bailadila in Chhattisgarh and Donimalai in Karnataka, and reported about 44 million tonnes in 2024-25. In Rajasthan, Hindustan Zinc, 60.71% owned by Vedanta and 27.92% by the Government of India, operates the Rampura Agucha, Sindesar Khurd and Zawar mines, while Odisha Mining Corporation, incorporated in 1956 and wholly owned by the Odisha government, mines chrome, iron and bauxite ore.
A smaller group of companies handles minerals linked to the nuclear and advanced-materials supply chain. IREL (India) Limited, incorporated in 1950 and administered by the Department of Atomic Energy, supplies beach sand minerals such as ilmenite, rutile, zircon, garnet and sillimanite along with rare earth products, from operating units that include Chavara, Manavalakurichi, OSCOM and the Rare Earths Division at Aluva in Kerala. Uranium Corporation of India, set up on 4 October 1967, operates from Jaduguda in Jharkhand's East Singhbhum district.